Low-dose Simulated Galactic Cosmic Radiation Exposure After Hindlimb Unloading Has Long-term Impact on Skeletal Muscle Metabolic Proteins in Female Mice.

Long-term muscular remodeling after simGCRsim exposure is influenced by both muscle loading status and radiation dose, with prolonged shifts toward oxidative metabolism and altered protein quality control persisting months after exposure. These findings provide new insights into skeletal muscle adaptation to spaceflight stressors and have important implications for astronaut health during and after long-duration missions.