at 100 kHz and 50 mT), and high permeability retention (>80% under a 7.96 kA/m DC bias), outperforming mainstream commercial counterparts. Overall, this defect-enabled route offers an energy-efficient strategy for scalable low-temperature diffusion alloying of metal powders and for fabricating high-performance soft magnetic composites.
Wang et al. (2026) studied this question.