BACKGROUND: content on microstructure evolution and mechanical, translucency, tribological, and biological performance. METHODS: contents were fabricated via a melting-derived powder processing route combined with digital light processing, debinding, and sintering. The LDGCxZ samples were systematically characterized for their microstructural evolution, mechanical properties, translucency, tribological behavior, and biological performance through biaxial flexural strength testing, aging resistance testing, Weibull two-parameter distribution analysis, Vickers hardness testing, fracture toughness analysis, nanoindentation testing, and tribological evaluation. Furthermore, hemocompatibility, cytocompatibility, and in vivo biological responses were assessed using hemolysis assays, CCK-8 assays, live/dead staining, phalloidin staining, subcutaneous implantation in a rat model, and comprehensive biosafety evaluation. RESULTS: compositional regulation strategy within the LDGC system. A novel LDGC system that combines printability, microstructural controllability, and mechanical compatibility was successfully established, providing an essential theoretical foundation and process framework for the development of high-performance LDGC materials for dental restorations.
Xia et al. (2026) studied this question.