Introduction: Current etiological models of anorexia nervosa do not fully explain the complexity of this disorder, particularly the paradox of simultaneous self-destruction and strong determination to achieve goals. Objective: To present a new theoretical model based on the determination-destruction paradox and analysis of the complete logical space of etiological factors in anorexia, considering three main interpretive archetypes: Orphan, Warrior, and Martyr. Method: Critical literature analysis, logical space analysis of existing theories, mapping of interpretive archetypes, synthesis of a multi-level etiological model. Results: An expanded Determination-Destruction Paradox Model (MPDD-R) was developed, encompassing four levels with three dominant archetypal pathways: (1) triggering factors with frustration archetypes (Orphan/Warrior/Martyr), (2) aggression direction modulators, (3) protective/regulatory systems, (4) individual variables. The MPDD-R model provides a very comprehensive explanation of anorexia cases, considering the diversity of interpretive patterns such as Orphan, Warrior, and Martyr archetypes, and integrating different levels of causality, including biological, psychological, and social. Conclusions: MPDD-R offers the most complete explanation of anorexia through integration of different archetypal pathways and suggests an individualized therapeutic approach - Adapted Integral Paradox Therapy (TIPA)
Mieczysław Julian Tomczak (Fri,) studied this question.