Social determinants of health in pulmonary embolism management and outcome in hospitals: Insights from the United States nationwide inpatient sample

Figures

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  Figure 1. Differences in the prevalence of baseline characteristics among patients with non-White ethnicity/race (Asian/Pacific Islander, Black, Hispanic, Native American, Other) and White race.

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  Figure 2. Use of advanced therapies according to the presence of high-risk PE. ECMO, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation; IVC, inferior vena cava; and PE, pulmonary embolism.

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  Figure 3. Multivariable logistic regression for the use of advanced therapies in hospitalized patients, overall, and in the subgroup of patients with high-risk and no high-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The model is adjusted for high-risk PE, primary PE hospitalization, place of residence, hospital location/teaching status, hospital bed size, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, congestive heart failure, renal disease, chronic pulmonary disease, cancer, and dementia. The x-axis is plotted on a natural logarithmic scale. PE, pulmonary embolism.

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  Figure 4. Multivariable logistic regression for in-hospital mortality, overall, and in the subgroup of patients with high-risk and no high-risk acute pulmonary embolism (PE). The model is adjusted for high-risk PE, primary PE hospitalization, use of any advanced therapy, place of residence, hospital location/teaching status, hospital bed size, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, myocardial infarction, cerebrovascular disease, congestive heart failure, renal disease, chronic pulmonary disease, cancer, and dementia. The x-axis is plotted on a natural logarithmic scale. PE, pulmonary embolism.