Randomized trial examines prediction of objects using lexico-semantic and gender cues in L1 and L2 German speakers, revealing differences in processing efficiency.
Key Points
The study aims to investigate how lexico-semantic information and gender marking help predict object references among native (L1) and second language (L2) German speakers.
Conducted three visual-world eye-tracking studies
Randomly varied linguistic input types (lexico-semantic, morphosyntactic)
Analyzed prediction effects using cluster-based permutation analyses.
Lexico-semantic cues showed prediction effects in both L1 and L2.
Effects of gender cues and combination with lexico-semantic cues were observed only in L1.
L2 exhibited more limited predictive processing compared to L1.