Peer victimization and physical activity: the mediating role of self-esteem and physical self-concept

Introduction Peer victimization (PV) is associated with physical activity (PA) in children and adolescents, potentially through psychological factors such as self-esteem and physical self-concept. However, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. This study examined the association between PV and PA and the mediating roles of self-esteem and physical self-concept. Methods A total of 1,063 students (mean age = 12.53 ± 1.75 years; grades 5–9) from twelve schools in Taiyuan completed the MPVS, PARS-3, SES, and Physical Self-Concept Scale. Associations and mediation effects were analyzed statistically. Results PV was negatively associated with PA and with self-esteem and physical self-concept ( P < 0.05). Self-esteem and physical self-concept were positively related to PA ( P < 0.05). Both variables partially mediated the PV–PA relationship, accounting for 51.20% of the total effect. Discussion PV negatively influences PA both directly and indirectly through self-esteem and physical self-concept. Interventions targeting victimization and improving self-related perceptions may help promote physical activity in youth.