Objectives/methods In this case report, we present a patient with severe, refractory non-infectious panuveitis and concomitant multiple sclerosis who failed conventional immunosuppressive therapies and biologics. Non-infectious uveitis is a vision-threatening inflammatory disorder commonly driven by T-cell–mediated immune mechanisms. Increasing evidence suggests however that B cells also contribute substantially to disease pathogenesis through cytokine production, antigen presentation, and modulation of immune responses. Results After multiple panuveitis relapses despite conventional and experimental treatment, including anti-CD52 therapy with alemtuzumab, the B-cell–depleting monoclonal antibody ofatumumab was initiated, resulting in sustained clinical remission and preservation of visual function. Discussion This case highlights the potential role of B cells in the immunopathogenesis of non-infectious uveitis and suggests that B-cell–targeted therapy may represent an effective therapeutic option for patients with refractory disease, particularly in the context of coexisting autoimmune conditions such as multiple sclerosis.
Konitsioti et al. (Wed,) studied this question.