Validation of the KIDSCREEN-27 Health-Related Quality of Life Questionnaire in a Sample of Mexican Adolescents

Background: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in adolescents reflects their perception of physical, psychological, and social well-being within a specific cultural context, considering developmental stage and individual differences. The KIDSCREEN-27 is a self-report instrument designed to assess HRQoL in children and adolescents, with demonstrated validity and reliability in international samples. Objective: To examine the psychometric properties (i.e., reliability, construct validity, convergent and discriminant validity, and measurement invariance) of the KIDSCREEN-27 questionnaire in a sample of Mexican adolescents. Method: A cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 1124 Mexican adolescents aged 10–17 years (M = 13.37, SD = 1.08; 53.5% female; 83.6% secondary education) obtained through non-probabilistic convenience sampling. Reliability (Cronbach’s α, McDonald’s ω), structural validity through exploratory (AFE) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFA), measurement invariance by gender, and convergent and discriminant validity via correlations with self-esteem, well-being, stress, and anxiety–depressive symptoms were evaluated. Results: Analyses showed strong internal consistency (α = 0.912, ω = 0.914). EFA supported a five-dimensional structure. CFA showed an optimal fit after including specific covariances (χ2/df = 3.62, RMSEA = 0.048, CFI = 0.929, TLI = 0.919, SRMR = 0.043). Metric and scalar gender invariance were supported. Positive correlations emerged with well-being (r = 0.76, p < 0.01), self-esteem (r = 0.64, p < 0.01), and satisfaction with life (r = 0.52, p < 0.01), and negative correlations with stress (r = −0.61, p < 0.01), academic stress (r = −0.32, p < 0.01) and anxiety–depressive symptomatology (r = −0.53, p < 0.01), providing evidence of convergent and discriminant validity. Conclusions: The KIDSCREEN-27 demonstrated adequate psychometric properties, supporting its use among Mexican adolescents, enabling the identification of well-being needs, monitoring of interventions, informed decision-making in health and educational practice and supporting cross-cultural comparisons of adolescent well-being.