Three cases of neuropsychiatric systemic lupus erythematosus treated with telitacicept

Introduction: Neuropsychiatric lupus (NPSLE) is a serious complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Telitacicept, a novel B-cell-targeting biologic, has been approved in China for SLE treatment; however, evidence supporting its use specifically in NPSLE remains limited. Evidence for telitacicept in NPSLE is currently limited to individual case reports. As one of the first case series to address this issue, we summarize the treatment courses of these patients to provide stronger evidence for clinical practice. Case Series: This retrospective case series describes three patients with NPSLE who had an insufficient response to conventional immunosuppressants. Follow-up periods ranged from 7 to 36 months. After adding combination therapy with telitacicept (160 mg weekly), all patients exhibited significant improvement in neuropsychiatric symptoms, a marked reduction in disease activity score, and amelioration in relevant immunological and imaging parameters. No serious adverse events were observed during follow-up. Conclusion: Telitacicep may offer therapeutic benefit in managing NPSLE, particularly in cases presenting with predominant psychiatric manifestations.