Resisting Neo-Colonialism: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Large Language Models

Q: What does this research mean for the field?

Large language models embody the political-economic positionings and ownership structures of their creators, with US-based ChatGPT reproducing hegemonic structures and China-based DeepSeek reflecting an alternative approach, demonstrating that AI is a political issue of information sovereignty for the Global South. Novelty: ClaimNovelty.INCREMENTAL. Consensus alignment: ConsensusAlignment.NEUTRAL.

Haluk Geray; Şafak Etike

doi:10.32739/etkilesim.2026.9.17.330

November 10, 2025

Resisting Neo-Colonialism: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Large Language Models

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Key Points

This research aims to explore how large language models represent colonial legacies and development discourses in their outputs.
Comparative analysis of responses from ChatGPT and DeepSeek regarding development challenges in Global South countries.
Thematic analysis and critical discourse analysis were used to assess the models' outputs for diversity, depth, and ideological orientation.
ChatGPT reflects hegemonic structures due to its closed intellectual property regime and reliance on cloud monopolies.
DeepSeek demonstrates a cost-focused, alternative approach with open access and low-cost computing strategies.
The study reveals that AI in the Global South is a political issue related to knowledge sovereignty and inequality.

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Implication

Comparative analysis examines ideological representations in responses from ChatGPT and DeepSeek, highlighting implications for epistemic inequality.

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Cite This Study

Geray et al. (2025) studied this question.

synapsesocial.com/papers/69f8380b3ed186a7399824be https://doi.org/10.32739/etkilesim.2026.9.17.330

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Resisting Neo-Colonialism: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Large Language Models

Key Points

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Cite This Study

Resisting Neo-Colonialism: A Comparative Analysis of Chinese and American Large Language Models

Key Points

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