Harnessing Targeted Protein Degradation for Developing Brain Cancer Therapy

Neoplasms of the brain remain challenging to treat due to their complex heterogeneity and the presence of physiological barriers that confer the brain its immune privileged status. Extensive drug discovery efforts have focused on small molecule inhibitors targeting dysregulated cellular pathways to improve patient survival and quality of life. However, these approaches often face limitations, including incomplete efficacy arising from pathway redundancy and compensatory mechanisms. Induced protein degradation has emerged as a novel therapeutic strategy with a distinct mechanism of action, offering the potential to overcome many of the shortcomings associated with conventional inhibition. Several classes of degraders have now advanced into clinical trials for various diseases including cancers. This review provides an overview of the current state of protein degradation technologies as applied to brain cancer therapy, with a particular focus on three modalities: PROTACs, molecular glues, and LYTACs. Key aspects discussed include their synthesis, biological evaluation, and translational potential. The field offers an opportunity to develop meaningful therapies and stands at the precipice of breakthroughs that could transform the treatment landscape for brain cancer patients.