The Constitution (106th Amendment) Act, 2023 called the Women Reservation Act provides a one-third quotient of women in the Lok Sabha and the State Legislature in India. This study assesses the effectiveness of gender quotas in relation to democratic inclusion and representation, in particular the presentation of whether a numerical rise in the involvement of women in legislatures will result in veritable political empowerment. It describes the historical obstacles to political participation by women in India including patriarchal customs and socio-economic inequalities, and indicates that gender quotas can address such problems. The paper is based on the experience of other countries and refers to the effectiveness of quotas in improving descriptive representation with no mentioning the great success of quotas in the attainment of substantive outcomes, which also depends on such factors as party support and nomination. The 73 rd th and 74 th Constitutional Amendments have a history that has shown that quotas can enhance grassroots leadership and political consciousness. In light of the delimitation and census conditions, the study discusses how the Women Reservation Act's sluggish implementation undermines its purpose. It follows that these procedural requirements can dampen the Act's transformational power. With an eye toward internal democracy and a dedication to gender equality, political parties should play a pivotal role in effective implementation. The study argues that gender quotas should serve as agents of change in political power; however, this should not be seen as a mere numerical exercise; rather, having more women participate in legislation will alter priorities and strengthen democracy. But these advantages may only be realized with the help of supplementary programs, such as anti-discrimination initiatives, financial aid, and leadership development.
Y. Soumika (Mon,) studied this question.