Acid-free anodic suspension electrolysis strategy for the efficient recycling of industrial LiCoO₂ black mass from spent Li-ion battery.

can be subjected to a solid-phase heat treatment for the regeneration of layered LCO. The regenerated LCO exhibits a discharge specific capacity of 149 mAh/g at 0.5 C, covering around 98.4% of the commercial LCO, and the capacity retention rate reaches up to 91.6% after 200 cycles at 0.5 C. This work provides an eco-friendly and scalable solution for recycling and regenerating spent LCO cathode materials.