A Comprehensive Analysis of Exploring the Impact of Green Transportation Initiatives on Air Quality Improvement and Public Health

Urban air pollution, particularly PM2.5, remains a leading environmental risk to health worldwide and in India. Transport is a major contributor to urban air pollution in Indian cities (vehicle exhaust, resuspended road dust, non-exhaust particulates), and hence green transportation (vehicle electrification, BRT, LEZs, active transport networks) is frequently proposed as a key mitigation pathway. Recent Indian reports show rising EV adoption but uneven progress across cities; city-level transport interventions are being piloted and scaled (e.g., e-buses, EV two-wheeler incentives). However, quantifying the direct air-quality and public-health impacts of those transport initiatives at city scale remains essential for policy prioritization.