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A significant part of the complex of phytophagous insects associated with the pedunculate oak Quercus robur L. was studied for the first time in the northeast of its distribution range. Research was carried out during 2013–2017 in an oak forest in the Siva River floodplain (56°82′N, 53°90′E), near the Biological Station of Udmurt State University in Votkinskii District of the Udmurt Republic. The complex of oak phytophagous insects comprises 95 species from 23 families and 4 orders: Lepidoptera (45.3%), Coleoptera (43.1%), Hymenoptera (9.5%), and Diptera (2.1%). Oak leaves are damaged by 71 insect species, 58 of which feed at the larval stage and 13, at the adult stage. Acorns, wood, and oak roots are damaged by 4, 24, and 3 species, respectively. The studied insect complex is composed of typical phytophages of Q. robur; it is characterized by reduced species composition and a stably low abundance of most species.
Ермолаев et al. (Tue,) studied this question.