Indian immigrants represent the third largest migrant group in Australia, and emerging evidence suggests that Indian children may be at elevated risk of poor diet quality. Children's food preferences are key determinants of intake and may be influenced by bitter taste sensitivity (BTS). This study examined the mediational relationship between BTS, food preferences, and diet quality among Indian children aged 7–12 years living in Australia. A cross-sectional study was conducted with 466 Indian mother–child dyads. Children's phenotypic BTS was assessed using phenylthiocarbamide strips validated against PROP solutions. Children completed the validated Child-reported Food Preference Questionnaire, and mothers reported diet quality using the Child Diet Questionnaire. Regression-based mediation analyses (PROCESS model 4) were performed adjusting for age, sex, and BMI z-score. Results showed that children with BTS had lower preference for both preferred and non-preferred fruits and vegetables. However, non-preference for green leafy vegetables—both those generally disliked and those typically well-liked—did not mediate the association between BTS and overall fruit and vegetable intake. Children with BTS showed greater preference for sweet and savory non-core foods and soft drinks, which mediated higher intake of non-core foods and sweetened beverages. These findings demonstrate that food preferences mediate the relationship between BTS and diet quality. Tailoring dietary interventions to children's sensory profiles and cultural contexts may enhance the effectiveness of strategies promoting healthy eating among culturally diverse populations. • Bitter taste sensitivity relates to food preferences & diet quality in Indian children. • Lower fruit–vegetable scores in tasters, mediated by lower preferences. • Higher non-core and beverage scores in tasters, mediated by higher preferences.
Jani et al. (Fri,) studied this question.