Privatization refers to the transition from the public sector to the private sector, which emerged as a developmental program for some advanced governments, moving away from the socialist system and embracing capitalism. This aims to reduce the financial burdens on the state treasury. Subsequently, the privatization system gained widespread adoption in many developing countries, varying in their levels and the systems they employ. Privatization became one of the packages or programs proposed by international financial organizations (such as the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank) for these countries in order to restructure their debts. Under the pressure of economic changes, the working class began to face a new phase in the historical development of labor relations, especially after the conflict between the two parties in this relationship. This was a result of the economic transformations that employers pursued in light of liberal tendencies aimed at achieving economic efficiency at the expense of the working class, even if it meant dismissing them, terminating their contracts, and destabilizing their job security. This was done by abandoning the leading role of the public sector, which provides job stability for workers, and allowing room for the private sector with the goal of increasing productivity and profitability, even if this comes at the expense of workers and their interests.
Barood et al. (Sat,) studied this question.