Simultaneous consumption of vegetable salad with bread attenuates postprandial serum glucose elevation in healthy adults: a single-ingestion open-label crossover trial

Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effect of simultaneous consumption of vegetables and bread on postprandial serum glucose concentration. In total, 15 healthy men participated in this single-ingestion, open-label, non-randomized crossover trial. Participants were given meals (bread vs. bread with vegetable salad) after a night of fasting in a non-randomized sequence. At 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, 90, and 120 min following the consumption of the test meal, blood samples were collected to determine the serum levels of glucose, insulin, glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide, and triglycerides. Results Results revealed that serum glucose and insulin levels were significantly lower after 45 and 60 min in participants who consumed bread with vegetable salad than in those who only consumed bread. This emphasizes the potential benefit of simultaneously consuming vegetables and bread as an effective dietary strategy for preventing postprandial blood glucose elevation. Trial registration: UMIN Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN-CTR), UMIN000053931, registered on March 22, 2024.