Membrane Composition Influences Expression Yield of Plant Cytochrome P450s in E. coli Lysate-Based Cell-Free Systems

mechanosensitive channel and three plant P450s improved more than 2-fold, with some P450s showing up to 14-fold enhancement. These findings highlight membrane composition as a key determinant of the P450 expression yield in cell-free expression systems. While P450 activity was not measured, these findings provide a framework for future workflows toward achieving functional plant transmembrane enzymes for the bioproduction of natural products.