Glycemic Control after Sleeve Gastrectomy and Roux-En-Y Gastric Bypass in Obese Subjects with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Figures

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  Fig. 1. a Fasting blood glucose (FBG) and b fasting plasma insulin (fP-Insulin) levels at baseline, 2 days, 3 weeks, and 12 months after LRYGB or LSG surgery. The box plots show the median and 95% confidence intervals for AUCs. The plus sign shows the mean. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 for ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test for comparisons within groups at the different times after surgery vs. baseline

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  Fig. 2. Blood glucose levels (B-glucose) 0–180 min after a modified 30 g oral glucose tolerance test at a baseline, b 2 days, c 3 weeks, and d 12 months after LRYGB or LSG. Graphs (a)–(d) show means ± SEM. e The box plots show the median and 95% confidence intervals for AUCs for the corresponding times. The plus sign shows the mean. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 for ANOVA with Dunnett’s post hoc test for comparisons within groups at the different times after surgery vs. baseline

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  Fig. 3. Plasma insulin levels 0–180 min after a modified 30 g oral glucose tolerance test at a baseline, b 2 days, c 3 weeks, and d 12 months after LRYGB or LSG. Graphs (a)–(d) show means ± SEM. e Box plots show the median and 95% confidence intervals for AUCs for the corresponding times. The plus sign shows the mean. *P < 0.05 for ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test for comparisons within groups at the different times after surgery vs. baseline

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  Fig. 4. Within-group plasma insulin levels 0–180 min after a modified 30 g oral glucose tolerance test at baseline, 2 days, 3 weeks, and 12 months after a LRYGB or b LSG. Graphs (a) and (b) show means ± SEM. Box plots show the median and 95% confidence intervals for AUCs 0–60 min (gray hatched areas in a and b) for c LRYGB and d LSG. The plus sign shows the mean. AUCs *P < 0.05 and ***P < 0.001 for ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test for comparisons within groups at the different times after surgery vs. baseline

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  Fig. 5. Patient self-reported morning FBG (left 4 box plots) and 90 min PPBG (right 4 box plots) measured during 14 days preoperatively (pre) and 14 days postoperatively (post) after LRYGB or LSG, showing the median and 95% confidence intervals. The plus sign shows the mean. The patients were not put on LED before surgery to avoid effects of fasting on glucose. White bars represent LRYGB and hatched bars represent LSG. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 for paired t test within groups before and after surgery

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  Fig. 6. Plasma GLP-1 levels 0–180 min after a modified 30 g oral glucose tolerance test at a baseline, b 2 days, c 3 weeks, and d 12 months after LRYGB or LSG. Graphs (a)–(d) show mean ± SEM. e Box plots showing median and 95% confidence intervals for AUCs for GLP-1 at corresponding times. The plus sign shows the mean. f Peak AUC for GLP-1 (0–60 min) after LRYGB and LSG. **P < 0.01 and ***P < 0.001 for ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test for comparisons within groups at the different times after surgery vs. baseline. # P < 0.01 and ## P < 0.001 for unpaired t test between LRYGB and LSG. § P < 0.05 paired-samples t test within group. N = 18 for LRYGB and 15 for LSG in all panels, except panel (d) where n = 11 for LSG

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  Fig. 7. Plasma GIP levels 0–180 min after a modified 30 g oral glucose tolerance test at a baseline, b 2 days, c 3 weeks, and d 12 months after LRYGB or LSG. Graphs (a)–(d) show means ± SEM. e Box plots showing median and 95% confidence intervals for AUCs for GIP at corresponding times. The plus sign shows the mean. *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, and ***P < 0.001 for one-way ANOVA followed by Dunnett’s post hoc test. ## P < 0.001 for between-groups t test LRYGB vs. LSG. N = 18 for LRYGB and 15 for LSG in all panels, except panel (d) where n = 11 for LSG