Premature ovarian insufficiency complicated by metabolic dysfunction, including insulin resistance and dyslipidemia in a 14-year-old girl: a case report

Premature ovarian insufficiency (POI) is a rare hypergonadotropic disorder in adolescents, with an incidence under 0.01% before age 20. A 14-year-old Han Chinese girl presented with secondary amenorrhea within 1 year of menarche. After comprehensive examination, she was diagnosed with idiopathic POI, complicating by metabolic dysfunction of insulin resistance (elevated fasting insulin) and dyslipidemia. Treated with cyclic hormone therapy, calcium, and vitamin D3, she achieved regular withdrawal bleeding and metabolic improvement. Although the occurrence of POI shortly after menarche was extremely rare, POI should be considered in adolescents with secondary amenorrhea, even shortly post-menarche. Multidisciplinary management of reproductive and metabolic health for patients with POI was vital importance.