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This study aims to analyze the impact of extraneous variables on research outcomes and evaluate methods for controlling them.

May 8, 2026Open Access

Extraneous Variable and Its Role in Research

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This study aims to analyze the impact of extraneous variables on research outcomes and evaluate methods for controlling them.
Conducted an integrative review using criterion-based purposive sampling.
Utilized a standardized data extraction matrix for categorizing findings.
Employed thematic synthesis to analyze effectiveness of controls like randomization and ANCOVA.
Extraneous variables were identified as sources of statistical noise, bias, and covariates for enhanced precision.
Uncontrolled extraneous variables significantly weaken internal validity (P<0.05).
Effective control strategies reduce validity threats, but excessive control may harm ecological validity.

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Integrative review examines the role of extraneous variables in research and their confounding effects.

ROSEZUEL GARCIA-VENDIVIL (2026) studied this question.

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