A non-structural protein antibody lateral flow assay in cattle from an FMD-free region of Indonesia yielded an apparent prevalence of 2.75% and an estimated true prevalence of 0%.
Cross-Sectional (n=218)
Serological assessment using a lateral flow assay in an FMD-free region of Indonesia showed an estimated true prevalence of 0%, consistent with no active FMD circulation and highlighting the need for cautious interpretation of false positives in low-prevalence settings.
Foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) is a highly contagious transboundary animal disease causing major economic losses worldwide. This study aimed to establish baseline serological data for FMD in cattle from an FMD-free region of Indonesia using a non-structural protein (NSP) antibody lateral flow assay and to evaluate diagnostic interpretation in a low-prevalence setting. A total of 218 serum samples were collected in East Nusa Tenggara Province. Six samples (2.75%) tested positive, 211 (96.79%) were negative, and one was invalid. The apparent prevalence was 2.75% (95% CI: 1.01–5.90%). Adjusted true prevalence using the Rogan–Gladen estimator was 0%, indicating no detectable infection within the study population rather than definitive absence of infection. Considering assay specificity (96.46%), the observed positives are consistent with expected false-positive results. No clinical signs were observed. These findings suggest no evidence of active FMD circulation within the limits of the study and highlight the importance of cautious interpretation of serological data in low-prevalence settings.
Angi et al. (Thu,) conducted a cross-sectional in Foot-and-mouth disease (n=218). Non-structural protein (NSP) antibody lateral flow assay was evaluated on Apparent prevalence of FMD antibodies (95% CI 1.01-5.90). A non-structural protein antibody lateral flow assay in cattle from an FMD-free region of Indonesia yielded an apparent prevalence of 2.75% and an estimated true prevalence of 0%.