Significance of Relations for Translation: -Tai Element in Np1+p(-Tai)+np2 Construction of Mongolian Into English

The syntactic and semantically relevant grammatical relations (henceforth, the grammatical relation/s) of any linguistic elements play a crucial role in a language. As their representative, this study examines the grammatical relations of -TAI element focusing on its syntactic properties. The -TAI is the second most active grammatical element in the Mongolian language as it functions as a suffix that derives adjectives from nouns, and a comitative case marker. Among the various elements requiring more analysis, the relational element -TAI in NP1+P(-tai)+NP2 construction in Mongolian, which is tended to be translated into other languages literally, was selected for its complexity and ambiguity, specifically in translation, aiming to determine the significance of the syntactic and grammatical relations of the corresponding element from a linguistic point of view for translation into English as a non-cognate language of Mongolian. Upon analysing the given linguistic facts, it becomes evident that the -TAI element syntactically generates the NP1+P(-tai)+NP2 construction through daughter relation between NP1 and NP2 and denotes a general grammatical relation ‘a trace or result of an action that has already been performed’. In conclusion, it is important to note that when the nouns in the NP1 and NP2 are replaced by each other or one another, the resulting construction remains structurally or syntactically identical but the grammatical relations of the -TAI in the construction is entirely changed into many, due to the distribution, lexical meaning, lexical entry and correlation of the nouns in the NP1 and NP2 in Mongolian that is a representative of all human languages universally.