ABSTRACT Early cancer detection remains a critical challenge in modern healthcare, where timely diagnosis significantly improves survival outcomes. In this work, a hybrid Ag/CNT/graphene surface plasmon resonance (SPR) biosensor is proposed to enable highly sensitive and noninvasive cancer biomarker detection. The optimized sensor demonstrates outstanding performance, achieving a high angular sensitivity of 550°/RIU, a figure of merit of 344, and an ultra‐low detection limit of 0.002 RIU, outperforming conventional and previously reported hybrid SPR designs. A strong linear correlation between resonance angle and refractive index ( R 2 = 0.96339) confirms the stability and reliability of the sensing response. Electric‐field analysis further reveals enhanced field confinement at optimal resonance conditions, enabling intensified light–matter interaction at the sensing interface. These results highlight the potential of the proposed hybrid plasmonic platform for rapid, accurate, and early‐stage cancer diagnostics, offering a promising pathway toward next‐generation clinical biosensing applications.
R et al. (Wed,) studied this question.