Systematic review and meta-analysis report on ethambutol resistance in Mycobacterium tuberculosis, suggesting improvements in diagnostic methods and surveillance systems.
mutations. However, uneven regional representation (particularly limited data from Africa and the Americas) may affect the precision of global estimates. Enhancing diagnostic accuracy through molecular methods and developing regional surveillance systems are essential for effective management of EMB-resistant TB. Future research should prioritize comprehensive genomic analyses to identify novel resistance mutations and advance diagnostic methodologies. Future studies should adopt whole-genome sequencing and standardized codon-level reporting to enable comprehensive mutation profiling and improve comparability across surveillance systems.
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Dai et al. (2026) studied this question.
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