Impact of creatine monohydrate supplementation combined with multicomponent training in older adults (≥75 years): study protocol of a randomized controlled trial.

Creatine monohydrate is a widely used supplement to improve physical performance and strength. Recent studies suggest it may also benefit cognitive function and depression treatment. However, data on its effects in older adults are scarce, highlighting the need for further research in this population. This study is a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial assessing five weeks of creatine monohydrate (CrM) supplementation combined with physical training in older adults (≥75 years). Participants will be divided into four groups: placebo (PL), placebo with multicomponent training (PL + MT), creatine monohydrate supplementation (CrM), and creatine monohydrate with multicomponent training (CrM + MT). Evaluations will be conducted before, during, and after the intervention, and again after a five-week washout period. The training program includes supervised sessions twice a week over four weeks, focusing on resistance, cardiovascular, balance, reaction, and agility exercises. Functional capacity and fall risk will be measured, alongside physical tests such as handgrip strength and one-repetition maximum (1RM) tests for leg press, bench press, seated row, and leg extension. Cognitive and emotional assessments will also be conducted during the intervention. The results of this study aim to increase our understanding of the effects of CrM supplementation in older adults. This study is expected to generate valuable information on the impact and safety of this nutrition and exercise strategy, and its application can be extended to a variety of health conditions.