Safety Hazard Analysis and Mitigation Strategies for Highway Bridges Over Rail Transit Lines

With the rapid growth of urban transportation networks, the intersection of highway bridges with existing rail transit systems has become increasingly common and complex. These crossing projects pose significant engineering and safety challenges due to the confined construction environment and the operational sensitivity of active rail systems.To address these risks, the study proposes a set of engineering control measures, including construction sequencing strategies, ground reinforcement techniques, and real-time monitoring systems. These measures aim to limit structural impact, ensure the safe operation of rail services during construction, and provide a framework for risk assessment and mitigation in similar urban bridge projects.This research contributes to the understanding of interaction dynamics between highway and rail infrastructure and provides practical insights for engineering teams engaged in complex crossing