Eco-friendly Green Synthesis of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles from different Plant Extracts: Structural and Optical Characterization

To create nanoparticles of zinc oxide (ZnO), a green chemistry method was used. Using Cordia myxa (ZnO-C) and Ziziphus spina (ZnO-Z) extracts works like natural reduction and stabilization properties. The green process provided enhanced phytochemical interactions, which facilitated nanoparticle formation and improved stability. The concentrations of Zn and O elements were validated using energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. The ZnO-C and ZnO-Z polycrystalline structures with a hexagonal wurtzite phase were validated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), where the average crystalline size is about 17.54 nm for ZnO-C, while for ZnO-Z it is equal to 16.809 nm. Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) micrograph of ZnO-C observed to be spherical, aggregated, and ranging between 35 and 52 nm in size, whereas the FESEM micrograph of ZnO-Z showed slightly larger particles ranging from 35 to 55 nm, which were also spherical to quasi-spherical particles with a tendency to form aggregated clusters. The optical properties of ZnO nanoparticles were examined using UV-Vis spectroscopy, indicating that ZnO-C has a 3.23 eV band gap, while for ZnO-Z it is 3.37 eV. As a result, ZnO nanoparticles have been confirmed to be created using an ecofriendly method for various applications