Emergent Zero-Fluoroscopy Mapping and Thoracoscopic Ectomy of Appendage in Pregnant Women with Life-Threatening Atrial Tachycardia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Figure 1. The ECG showed a tachycardia was up to 220 beats per minute.

Figure 2. Electrophysiology study was performed with zero-fluoroscopy-approach-guided Carto 3TM system. With the high-density mapping, the originating point was found in the apex of the right atrial appendage.

Figure 3. Electrophysiology study was performed again with zero-fluoroscopy approach guided EnsiteTM system. With the high-density mapping, the originating point was confirmed in the apex of the right atrial appendage.

Figure 4. Zero-fluoroscopy mapping and thoracoscopic ectomy of appendage were performed at the same time.

Figure 5. The apex of the right atrial appendage was excised by a thoracoscope operation.

Figure 6. After the operation, this patient’s heart rate returned to 120 bpm.