System of Indicators for the Environmental Component of Sustainable Development in the Security Dimension

This study examines environmental security as a key component of sustainable development. Despite growing recognition of environmental sustainability, no standardized system exists for assessing environmental security or defining critical thresholds and optimal conditions. This research develops a comprehensive indicator system to facilitate assessment and strategic sustainability planning. The system includes seven components—biodiversity and land use, air pollution, climate change adaptation, environmental impacts of energy, industry, and transport, environmental health, waste management, and water resources—measured through 40 indicators aligned with seven Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 3, 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, and 15). The methodology applies the extended “homeostatic plateau” concept, integrating t test extensions and probability density functions to establish security gradations. Artificial intelligence techniques, particularly cluster analysis, enhance automated classification. The findings provide scientifically grounded threshold values for environmental security indicators, supporting risk assessment and policy planning. Future research should apply this framework in empirical studies to refine forecasting methods for sustainable development trajectories.