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Animal study demonstrates that trigeminal nerve stimulation restores visual and auditory defensive arousal in traumatic brain injury, suggesting potential clinical therapeutic utility.
These pathways contribute to the improvement of defensive arousal responses from different perspectives. The findings from this study imply that TNS effectively restores defensive arousal responses to visual and auditory threats in mice suffering from TBI, offering insights that may facilitate the implementation of TNS therapy in clinical settings.
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Zhang et al. (2025) studied this question.
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