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This chapter provides an important insight into using different novel treatment methods for management of oilfield produced water (OFPW). During exploration and production of crude oil and natural gas, a large amount of OFPW is generated, which contains both organic and inorganic pollutants. OFPW has to be treated before disposal into the environment as the usable water resources are decreasing rapidly. A variety of OFPW treatment techniques have been proposed and applied during past decades, which can be subdivided into physical, chemical, biological and membrane treatment processes. The conventional methods to handle OFPW after treatments are direct discharge, re-injection into the disposal well or use for secondary reservoir pressure maintenance. OFPW contains contaminants of small discrete oil droplets suspended in water as dispersed oil, which affects the aquatic or marine ecosystem by altering the biochemical oxygen demand. The elements zinc, lead, manganese, iron and barium are usually present in OFPW.
Gogoi et al. (Tue,) studied this question.