Bring on the substitute: Even outside of macrocyclic structures, such as vancomycin, appropriate substitution can give rise to atropisomerism in diaryl ethers. Stereochemical stability about the ArOAr axis at room temperature or above is possible when neither of the rings is symmetrically substituted and when at least one ring carries an ortho tert-butyl group or equivalent.
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Betson et al. (2006) studied this question.
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