By introducing 1,8-diiodooctane (DIO) into solutions used to spin cast poly(9,9-di-n-octylfluorene) films, the β-phase content can be tailored between 0 and 45%. The absorption of films cast from o-xylene containing between 0 and 16% DIO by volume is shown at left. In turn, this morphological change can lead to a ca. 50% increase in the efficiency of polymer light emitting diodes.
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Peet et al. (2008) studied this question.
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