OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to assess the effect of combined oral contraceptives (COCs) on polycystic ovarian morphology (PCOM) and serum anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) levels in Korean women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). METHODS: This university hospital study enrolled 36 Korean women who were newly diagnosed with PCOS based on the Rotterdam criteria and were treated with COCs for at least 1 year. We retrospectively evaluated the ovarian volume and number of antral follicles using ultrasonography and assessed serum AMH levels at baseline and after 1 year of COC treatment. RESULTS: Significant decreases in ovarian volume and antral follicle count were observed after 1 year of COC treatment. Compared to baseline, serum AMH levels were significantly decreased after 1 year. CONCLUSION: COC treatment significantly affects ultrasound-assessed PCOM and serum AMH levels of patients with PCOS.
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