Changes of population structure and household energy consumption in China

April 1, 2026Journal of Energy and Climate ChangeOpen Access

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Key Points

This research aims to examine how changes in China's population structure affect household energy consumption, with a focus on the mechanisms involved.
Constructed an extended randomized environment impact assessment model using household energy consumption data from 2006 to 2022.
Performed static and dynamic panel regression analysis across various provinces in China, excluding specific regions.
Conducted regional heterogeneity tests to explore the effects of declining birth rates and aging populations.
Higher levels of declining birth rates correlate with lower total household energy consumption.
Economic underdevelopment intensifies the impact of child dependency ratios on energy consumption, while developed areas show greater sensitivity to elderly demographics.
Regions with larger populations are more affected by changes in population structure, particularly by aging.

Analyzed the influence of population changes on energy consumption in households, suggesting policies for cleaner energy use.

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Zhou et al. (2026) studied this question.

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