Three-dimensional Ni foam supported NiCoO₂@Co₃O₄ nanowire-on-nanosheet arrays with rich oxygen vacancies as superior bifunctional catalytic electrodes for overall water splitting

) lower than most reported electrolyzers and high stability. This work not only creates a 3-D EATMO-based integrated heterostructure as a low-cost, highly efficient bifunctional catalytic electrode for water splitting, but also provides a novel strategy to use unique heteronanostructures with rich surface defects for synergistically enhancing electrocatalytic activities.