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Influence of four rootstocks (M.9, MM.106, MM.111, and local seedling) on the scion leaf and fruit mineral concentrations, tree growth, yield and fruit quality attributes of ‘Golden Delicious’ and ‘Royal Gala’ apples during four seasons (2008–2011) were significant. The mechanisms behind the influence of rootstock on scion vigor and yield was that the rootstock brought about its effects upon the scion by influencing the amounts of minerals taken up and translocated to the scion. ‘Royal Gala’ and ‘Golden Delicious’ trees on seedling had the highest efficiency in calcium (Ca) and potassium (K) uptake. Whereas, trees of these cultivars on M.9 were more efficient in nitrogen (N), manganese (Mn) and iron (Fe) uptake. MM.106 had the highest efficiency in phosphorous (P) uptake, and M.9 had the lowest K and Ca uptake. The highest N- fruit concentration and the lowest Ca-fruit concentration were observed in cultivars on M.9.
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Amiri et al. (2013) studied this question.
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