Impact of A Structured Educational Intervention on Patients’ Knowledge, Mental Well-Being, Lifestyle, and Self-Esteem after Coronary Artery Bypass Graft

Background: Coronary Artery Bypass Graft Surgery (CABG), also known as a heart bypass. The patient face changes and difficulties after the procedure and need educational intervention to improve knowledge, mental wellbeing, healthy lifestyle behavior and self-esteem. Aim: This study was to evaluate impact of a structured educational intervention on patients’ knowledge, mental well-being, healthy lifestyle behavior, and self-esteem after coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Design: A quasi-experimental one-group, pre-post-test, and one-month follow-up test, design was used. Setting: The study was conducted at outpatient cardiology clinic at Fayoum University. Subjects: Convenient sample of 85 patients after Coronary Artery Bypass Surgery. Four tools of data collection were used; 1) Pre structured self-administrated questionnaire. It includes socio-demographic data, patients’ knowledge assessment regarding definition, indications, duration for recovery, duration for rib healing. 2) The World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index to measure mental well-being. 3) Healthy Life Style Behavior Scale to assess health promoting behaviors. 4) Self-esteem Scale to measure both positive and negative feelings about the self. Results: Most of the patients after CABG were aged 50 years or more with a mean age of 38.46 ± 8.67 years, the majority of patients were males, the most prevalent condition of risk factors was hypertension, and highly statistically significant improvement were observed between pre and post phases for all knowledge items, mental well-being, all domains of healthy lifestyle behavior, and self-esteem levels. Conclusions: Implementing a structured educational intervention has a significant positive effect on improving knowledge, mental well-being, healthy lifestyle behavior, and self-esteem level. Recommendation: Pre-operative workshops are essential for educating patients on promoting mental well-being, healthy lifestyle behaviors, and self-esteem.