A systematic review of lessons learned from PET molecular imaging research in atypical parkinsonism

PURPOSE: To systematically review the previous studies and current status of positron emission tomography (PET) molecular imaging research in atypical parkinsonism. METHODS: MEDLINE, ISI Web of Science, Cochrane Library, and Scopus electronic databases were searched for articles published until 29th March 2016 and included brain PET studies in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), multiple system atrophy (MSA), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). Only articles published in English and in peer-reviewed journals were included in this review. Case-reports, reviews, and non-human studies were excluded. RESULTS: receptors were decreased in metabolically affected cortical and subcortical regions in PSP patients. CONCLUSIONS: PET molecular imaging has provided valuable insight for understanding the mechanisms underlying atypical parkinsonism. Changes at a molecular level occur early in the course of these neurodegenerative diseases and PET imaging provides the means to aid differential diagnosis, monitor disease progression, identify of novel targets for pharmacotherapy, and monitor response to new treatments.