Mild steel with/without zinc coating and magnesium alloy AZ31B were lap joined by friction stir welding during the tool plunging through the magnesium into the steel. With increasing welding speed, the fracture strength increases. At the interface of zinc coated steel and magnesium, a liquid eutectic layer was detected for higher but not for lower welding speeds. At the interface between the steel without zinc coating and magnesium, no melting could be detected.
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Schneider et al. (2011) studied this question.
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