Review on high temperature piezoelectric ceramics and actuators based on BiScO₃–PbTiO₃ solid solutions

In recent years, industries in the fields of petrochemical, automotive, and aerospace have expressed their interest in utilizing piezoelectric actuators for high-temperature (HT) operations at the temperature above 150°C. HT piezoelectric ceramics (1-x) BiScO 3 –x PbTiO 3 (BS–PT) are considered as one of the most competitive piezoelectric actuation materials used in the harsh environment because of its high Curie temperature (T C = 450° C ) as well as high piezoelectric coefficient (d 33 = 460 pC/N ) in the MPB composition. This paper summarized the recent progress in HT piezoelectric ceramics and actuators based on BS–PT solid solutions. The properties of BS–PT piezoelectric ceramics and actuators, including driving mechanisms, actuation performances and their applications in HT environment were also discussed.