Association between penicillin allergy labels and serious adverse events in hospitalized patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Background: To date, several studies have demonstrated that erroneous labeling of Penicillin allergy (PAL) can significantly impact treatment options and result in adverse clinical outcomes, while other studies have reported no negative effects. Therefore, to systematically evaluate these effects and investigate the association between adverse clinical outcomes and the Penicillin label, we conducted this meta-analysis. Method: and Cochrane Q tests, and publication bias was evaluated using Egger's test and funnel plot analysis. Conclusion: Our findings indicate that penicillin allergy labels are associated with an increased risk of mortality in patients, as well as being linked to acute heart failure, heightened ICU requirements, and mechanical ventilation. Systematic Review Registration: PROSPERO, identifier CRD42024571535. Available from: https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD4202457153.