Numerical study on the energy cascade of pulsatile Newtonian and power-law flow models in an ICA bifurcation

Fig 1. (a) Ideal geometry to model the bifurcation artery with dimension of the parent artery and the daughter vessels (b) zoomed pic to the region of interest with indication of the monitoring points of interest.

Fig 2. Inlet velocity profile for Newtonian and non-Newtonian fluid models.

Fig 3. Full Spectrum Energy cascade for Newtonian and non-Newtonian at three points near the apex of the bifurcation artery at a) Re = 100, b) Re = 400 and c) Re = 600.

Fig 4. Full Spectrum Energy cascade for Newtonian and non-Newtonian at three points at the center of the bifurcation artery at a) Re = 100, b) Re = 400 and c) Re = 600.

Fig 5. Full Spectrum Energy cascade for Newtonian and non-Newtonian at two points near the heels of the bifurcation artery at a) Re = 100, b) Re = 400 and c) Re = 600.

Fig 6. Energy cascade at the large-coherent structure for Newtonian and non-Newtonian at three points near the apex of the bifurcation artery at a) Re = 100, b) Re = 400 and c) Re = 600.

Fig 7. Energy cascade at the large-coherent structure for Newtonian and non-Newtonian at three points at the center of the bifurcation artery at a) Re = 100, b) Re = 400 and c) Re = 600.

Fig 8. Energy cascade at the large-coherent structure for Newtonian and non-Newtonian at two points at the heels of the bifurcation artery at a) Re = 100, b) Re = 400 and c) Re = 600.

Fig 9. Comparison of identified vortex cores between Newtonian and non-Newtonian models inside the bifurcation model at Re = 100. The marked waveform shows the data point in the cardiac cycle used for extracting the structures. The vortex visualization using the Q-criteria at threshold (0.05). Colored with the vorticity.

Fig 10. The results of the size of the coherence vortex structures of the Newtonian model in comparison with the non-Newtonian model at Re = 100 in the ICA at four-time instants using Q criteria.