Chaos in the brain: Possible roles in biological intelligence

Deterministic dynamic systems are described with sets of coupled ordinary differential equations (ODEs) and differential delay equations (DDEs). By tradition and for convenience these systems are usually operated in the domains of equilibrium and limit cycle attractors (steady states and clocks), which are the conditions that hold for most digital and analog computers, including artificial neural networks (ANN) designed for data processing and logical manipulations. These systems are capable of operations in real and simulated chaotic domains, in which predictability is limited and performance become pseudorandom, but these domains are usually avoided if at all possible.