Why the study?
Maintaining sinus rhythm after rhythm control in AF remains challenging, prompting investigation into risk factors for recurrence following catheter ablation or AAD therapy.
What clinical and socioeconomic factors are associated with recurrent atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation or antiarrhythmic drug therapy in adults with incident AF?
What clinical and socioeconomic factors are associated with recurrent atrial fibrillation after catheter ablation or antiarrhythmic drug therapy in adults with incident AF?
Answers are grounded in this paper and cite their sources.
Modifiable clinical comorbidities and socioeconomic factors such as low educational attainment are significantly associated with an increased risk of AF recurrence after rhythm control strategies.
Background: Maintaining sinus rhythm after initiating rhythm control strategies in atrial fibrillation (AF) remains challenging. Objective: The study sought to investigate risk factors associated with AF recurrence among patients with incident AF who underwent catheter ablation or received antiarrhythmic drugs (AADs). Methods: We identified adults with incident AF from 2010 to 2017 who underwent catheter ablation or initiated AAD therapy from 2 U.S. healthcare systems and were followed through 2019. Using electronic health records and a validated natural language processing algorithm, we evaluated the 12-month cumulative incidence of recurrent AF and examined the associations between clinical and socioeconomic factors and AF recurrence using Fine-Gray subdistribution hazard models. Results: : aHR 1.08, 95% CI 1.03-1.14) were associated with AF recurrence following AAD initiation. Conclusion: Heart failure, dyslipidemia, obesity, hypertension, reduced estimated glomerular filtration rate, and living in neighborhoods with low educational attainment were associated with higher risk for AF recurrence, emphasizing the importance of identifying and managing modifiable factors in AF.
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An et al. (2025) studied this question.
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