Key result
Viroporins drive viral pathogenicity and replication by forming host membrane pores and disrupting calcium homeostasis.
Viroporins play a crucial role in the viral life cycle and pathogenicity by disrupting cellular ion homeostasis and subverting host defensive pathways.
Viroporins are small, hydrophobic trans-membrane viral proteins that oligomerize to form hydrophilic pores in the host cell membranes. These proteins are crucial for the pathogenicity and replication of viruses as they aid in various stages of the viral life cycle, from genome uncoating to viral release. In addition, the ion channel activity of viroporin causes disruption in the cellular ion homeostasis, in particular the calcium ion. Fluctuation in the calcium level triggers the activation of the host defensive programmed cell death pathways as well as the inflammasome, which in turn are being subverted for the viruses' replication benefits. This review article summarizes recent developments in the functional investigation of viroporins from various viruses and their contributions to viral replication and virulence.
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Sze et al. (2015) conducted a review in Viral infection. Viroporins was evaluated. Viroporins are crucial for viral pathogenicity and replication by forming hydrophilic pores in host cell membranes and disrupting cellular ion homeostasis, particularly calcium.
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