Theory of Women’s Health Across the Lifespan

The Theory of Women’s Health Across the Lifespan (TWHL) is a middle-range theory designed by members of a Women’s Health Across the Lifespan Research Interest Group to guide research, interventions, and policies that enhance women’s health and well-being (Supplemental Digital Content, Video Abstract, available at: https://links.lww.com/ANS/A123). The TWHL is centered on 3 overlapping “life engagement” constructs: behavioral (activities performed), functional (physical and mental capacity), and cognitive (attention, prioritization, and decision-making). Life engagement shapes health outcomes and is influenced by internal, relational, and external domains that interact dynamically across life stages. Developed deductively, the TWHL provides a comprehensive framework to address disparities, inform targeted interventions, and promote equitable health and policy outcomes for women throughout the lifespan.